| Assertion (A): | To diagnose presence of a specific DNA segment in a mixture, complementary pairing between nucleotides is exploited. | 
| Reason (R): | DNA probes having radioactive isotopes help to detect DNA by autoradiography. | 
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) | 
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A) | 
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False | 
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are False | 
| Assertion (A): | RNAi is an RNA-dependent gene silencing process. | 
| Reason (R): | The RNAi pathway is a naturally occurring process found in many eukaryote cells. | 
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A) | 
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) does not correctly explain (A) | 
| 3. | (A) is True; (R) is False | 
| 4. | (A) is False; (R) is True | 
| I: | Gene therapy involves the introduction of a functional gene into the cells of an individual to treat genetic disorders. | 
| II: | RNA interference (RNAi) is a technique used to silence specific genes by degrading their structural genes located on template DNA. | 
| III: | Transgenic organisms are those that have been genetically modified to express desirable traits. | 
| (A) | It is a method of cellular defense in all prokaryotic organisms. | 
| (B) | This method has been used to make nematode resistant tobacco plants. | 
| (C) | It is a post translational method of silencing of genes. | 
| 1. | Norman Borlaug is considered as father of green revolution | 
| 2. | Green revolution leads to enhanced production of wheat and rice | 
| 3. | Techniques used during green revolution led to tripling of the yield | 
| 4. | Use of biofertilizers, biopesticides was promoted heavily during green revolution | 
| Assertion(A): | The Green Revolution succeeded in tripling the food supply. | 
| Reason (R): | Use of genetically modified crops was primarily responsible for the success of green revolution. | 
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). | 
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A). | 
| 3. | (A) is True; (R) is False | 
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are False | 
| I: | RNAi takes place in all eukaryotic organisms as a method of cellular defense. | 
| II: | RNAi involves silencing of a specific mRNA due to a complementary dsDNA molecule. | 
| 1. | GM crops that produce biofuels and starches for industrial applications. | 
| 2. | GM crops that are resistant to all types of bacterial and viral infections. | 
| 3. | GM crops that naturally produce higher amounts of nitrogen for fertilization. | 
| 4. | GM crops that produce a sweetener used in soft drinks. |