1. | Tobacco budworm | 2. | Armyworm |
3. | Beetles | 4. | Mosquitoes |
1. | B. thuringiensis forms protein crystals during a particular phase of its growth. |
2. | The protein crystals contain a toxic insecticidal protein. |
3. |
Once an insect ingests the inactive toxin, it is converted into an active form of toxin due to the acidic pH of the gut.
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4. | The activated toxin binds to the surface of midgut epithelial cells and creates pores that cause cell swelling and lysis and eventually cause the death of the insect. |
1. | corn borer | 2. | cotton bollworms |
3. | aphids | 4. | flea hopper |
1. | dsRNA molecule | 2. | ssRNA molecule |
3. | dsDNA molecule | 4. | ssDNA molecule |
I: | are called as transposons. |
II: | can be a source for complementary dsRNA molecule involved in RNAi in eukaryotic cells. |
1. | Gene gun | 2. | Microinjection |
3. | Agrobacterium | 4. | Liposome |
1. | plasmids of E. coli to produce insulin chains. |
2. | pBR322 plasmids to produce insulin chains. |
3. | pUC101 plasmids to produce insulin chains. |
4. | Ti plasmids of Agrobacterium to produce insulin chains. |